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The physical-layer specifications of the Ethernet family of computer network standards are published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), which defines the electrical or optical properties and the transfer speed of the physical connection between a device and the network or between network devices.
Speed (Mbit/s) [A] Pairs required Lanes per direction Data rate efficiency (bit/s/Hz) [B] Line code Symbol rate per lane (MBd) Bandwidth (MHz) [C] Max distance (m) Cable [D] Cable rating (MHz) Intended usage StarLAN-1 1BASE5: 802.3e-1987: obsolete 1 2 1 1 PE 1 1 250 voice grade ~12 LAN: StarLAN-10 802.3e-1988: obsolete 10 2 1 1 PE 10 10 ~100 ...
The RJ45S jack is rarely used in telephone applications, and the keyed 8P8C modular plug used for RJ45S mechanically cannot be inserted into an Ethernet port, but a similar plug, the non-keyed 8P8C modular plug – never used for RJ45S – is used in Ethernet networks, and the connector is often, however improperly, referred to as RJ45 in this ...
The connector provides power to the keyboard on the outer two contacts and receives data signals on the inner pair. The cable between the computer and the keyboard is a coiled cord with an appearance very similar to a telephone handset cable. [11] The connector on the Amiga 1000 uses crossover wiring, similar to a telephone handset.
Perhaps the most comprehensive known and most discussed feature of ANSI/TIA-568 is the definition of the pin-to-pair assignments, or pinout, between the pins in a connector (a plug or a socket) and the wires in a cable. Pinouts are critical because cables do not function if the pinouts at their two ends aren't correctly matched.
Cross section of a cat 5e cable. The Category 5e specification improves upon the Category 5 specification by further mitigating crosstalk. [9] The bandwidth (100 MHz) and physical construction are the same between the two, [10] and most Cat 5 cables actually happen to meet Cat 5e specifications even though they are not certified as such. [11]
Gigabit Ethernet was the next iteration, increasing the speed to 1000 Mbit/s. The initial standard for Gigabit Ethernet was produced by the IEEE in June 1998 as IEEE 802.3z , and required optical fiber . 802.3z is commonly referred to as 1000BASE-X, where -X refers to either -CX, -SX, -LX, or (non-standard) -ZX.
The 100 in the media type designation refers to the transmission speed of 100 Mbit/s, while the BASE refers to baseband signaling. The letter following the dash ( T or F ) refers to the physical medium that carries the signal (twisted pair or fiber, respectively), while the last character ( X , 4 , etc.) refers to the line code method used.