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Clear quarter note pulse in 4 4 at a tempo of =120 Play ⓘ.At =600 the pulse becomes a drone Play ⓘ, while at =30 the pulse becomes disconnected sounds Play ⓘ.. While ideal pulses are identical, when pulses are variously accented, this produces two- or three-pulse pulse groups such as strong–weak and strong–weak–weak [4] and any longer group may be broken into such groups of two and ...
Some definitions refer to music as a score, or a composition: [18] [7] [19] music can be read as well as heard, and a piece of music written but never played is a piece of music notwithstanding. According to Edward E. Gordon the process of reading music , at least for trained musicians, involves a process, called "inner hearing" or "audiation ...
Tempo rubato (Italian for 'stolen time'; UK: / ˈ t ɛ m p oʊ r ʊ ˈ b ɑː t oʊ /, US: / r uː-/, [1] [2] Italian: [ˈtɛmpo ruˈbaːto];) is a musical term referring to expressive and rhythmic freedom by a slight speeding up and then slowing down of the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist or the conductor.
One difficulty in defining tempo is the dependence of its perception on rhythm, and, conversely, the dependence of rhythm perception on tempo. Furthermore, the tempo-rhythm interaction is context dependent, as explained by Andranik Tangian [ 29 ] [ 30 ] using an example of the leading rhythm of ″Promenade″ from Modest Mussorgsky 's Pictures ...
Metrical rhythm, measured rhythm, and free rhythm are general classes of rhythm and may be distinguished in all aspects of temporality: [14] Metrical rhythm , by far the most common class in Western music, is where each time value is a multiple or fraction of a fixed unit (beat, see paragraph below), and normal accents reoccur regularly ...
In time (i.e. the performer should return to the stable tempo, such as after an accelerando or ritardando); also may be found in combination with other terms such as a tempo giusto (in strict time) or a tempo di menuetto (at the speed of a minuet) ab (Ger.) off, organ stops or mutes abafando (Port.) muffled, muted abandon or avec (Fr.)
One difficulty in defining rhythm is the dependence of its perception on tempo, and, conversely, the dependence of tempo perception on rhythm. Furthermore, the rhythm–tempo interaction is context dependent, as explained by Andranik Tangian using an example of the leading rhythm of "Promenade" from Moussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition:([40 ...
Research in music cognition has shown that time as a subjective structuring of events in music, differs from the concept of time in physics. [2] Listeners to music do not perceive rhythm on a continuous scale, but recognise rhythmic categories that function as a reference relative to which the deviations in timing can be appreciated.