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Biogas is a gaseous renewable energy source [1] produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste, wastewater, and food waste. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic organisms or methanogens inside an anaerobic digester , biodigester or a bioreactor .
Biogas from sewage sludge treatment is sometimes used to run a gas engine to produce electrical power, some or all of which can be used to run the sewage works. [93] Some waste heat from the engine is then used to heat the digester. The waste heat is, in general, enough to heat the digester to the required temperatures.
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) technology, normally referred to as UASB reactor, is a form of anaerobic digester that is used for wastewater treatment. The UASB reactor is a methanogenic (methane-producing) digester that evolved from the anaerobic clarigester.
First, the wastewater enters the anaerobic bioreactor unit, where the organic load goes through the anaerobic process to be transformed into biogas. Subsequently, the remaining liquid, which still has small amounts of solids, goes into the membrane unit, to separate the remaining, smaller solid particles from the anaerobically treated wastewater.
Comparison of common AD digester technology types. The following is a partial list of types of anaerobic digesters.These processes and systems harness anaerobic digestion for purposes such as treatment of biowaste, animal manure, sewage and biogas generation. [1]
In anaerobic wastewater treatment facilities, biogas is fed through a bio-scrubber and “scrubbed” with activated sludge liquid from an aeration tank. [20] Most commonly found in wastewater treatment is the trickling filter process (TFs) [Chaudhary, 2003].
Acidogenic digestate produced from mixed municipal waste. Digestate is the material remaining after the anaerobic digestion (decomposition under low oxygen conditions) of a biodegradable feedstock. Anaerobic digestion produces two main products: digestate and biogas.
Sewage treatment plants, such as Blue Plains in Washington, D.C., USA, have adopted thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge in order to produce commercially valuable products (such as electricity and high quality biosolid fertilizers) out of the wastewater. [4]