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Biogas is a gaseous renewable energy source [1] produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste, wastewater, and food waste. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic organisms or methanogens inside an anaerobic digester , biodigester or a bioreactor .
Anaerobic digestion is widely used as a source of renewable energy. The process produces a biogas, consisting of methane, carbon dioxide, and traces of other 'contaminant' gases. [1] This biogas can be used directly as fuel, in combined heat and power gas engines [9] or upgraded to natural gas-quality biomethane.
The upflow anaerobic process is a large reactor which allows the waste to flow up from the bottom and separates the waste into 3 zones. At the very top is the biogas zone where the gas is collected. Bacteria digest waste in the lowest portion of the upflow reactor; the bioreactor zone. In between these two stages is the clarifier zone where ...
The waste-to-energy power station is expected to convert 325 tonnes of solid waste into 78,000–110,000 liters (17,158–24,197 imp gal; 20,605–29,059 U.S. gal) of biodiesel and 60 cubic metres (2,119 cu ft) of biogas on a daily basis. In the process, the plant will generate 11.35 MW of electricity". [1] [2]
The typical plant with a capacity of 400 GWh energy production annually costs about 440 million dollars to build. Waste-to-energy plants may have a significant cost advantage over traditional power options, as the waste-to-energy operator may receive revenue for receiving waste as an alternative to the cost of disposing of waste in a landfill, typically referred to as a "tipping fee" per ton ...
Furthermore, anaerobic digestion, a biological process, converts organic waste into biogas (mainly methane and carbon dioxide) through microbial action. This biogas can be harnessed for energy production or processed into biomethane, which can serve as a substitute for natural gas.
Biogas with a high concentration of methane is produced as a by-product, and this may be captured and used as an energy source, to generate electricity for export and to cover its own running power. The technology needs constant monitoring when put into use to ensure that the sludge blanket is maintained, and not washed out (thereby losing the ...
The dominant process in most landfills is the third process whereby anaerobic bacteria decompose organic waste to produce biogas, which consists of methane and carbon dioxide together with traces of other compounds. [3] Despite the heterogeneity of waste, the evolution of gases follows well defined kinetic pattern.