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Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks. [1] Extreme preterm [ 2 ] is less than 28 weeks, very early preterm birth is between 28 and 32 weeks, early preterm birth occurs between 32 and 34 weeks, late preterm birth is ...
A preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. [40] There are three types of preterm births: extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks) and moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks). [40]
The survival rate in these countries for infants born before 28 weeks of gestation is 10%, compared with a 90% survival rate in high-income countries. [28] In the United States, the period from 1980 to 2000 saw a decrease in the total number of infant mortality cases, despite a significant increase in premature births. [29]
A decade of preterm births "Early term" births between 37 to 38 complete weeks can slightly increase the chances of neurodevelopmental challenges; however, "preterm" babies are at the most ...
Research into preterm births indicates that "a fetus born before 24 weeks of gestation has a limited chance of survival. At 24, 28 and 32 weeks, a fetus has approximately a 20–30%, 80% and 98% likelihood of survival with a 40%, 10% and less than 2% chance of suffering from a severe handicap, respectively." [2] [3]
Adults born preterm have higher all-cause mortality rates as compared to full-term adults. Premature birth is associated with a 1.2x to 1.6x increase in all-cause mortality rates during early to mid-adulthood. Those born extremely prematurely (22–27 weeks) have an even higher mortality rate of 1.9x to 4.0x. [3]
According to data from 2003 to 2005, survival rates are 20–35% for babies born at 23 weeks of gestation (5 + 3 ⁄ 4 months); 50–70% at 24–25 weeks (6 – 6 + 1 ⁄ 4 months); and >90% at 26–27 weeks (6 + 1 ⁄ 2 – 6 + 3 ⁄ 4 months) and over. [22] It is rare for a baby weighing less than 500 g (1 lb 2 oz) to survive. [21]
Preterm birth is the most common cause of perinatal mortality, causing almost 30 percent of neonatal deaths. [7] Infant respiratory distress syndrome, in turn, is the leading cause of death in preterm infants, affecting about 1% of newborn infants. [8]
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