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a solid solution mixes with others to form a new solution The phase diagram in the above diagram displays an alloy of two metals which forms a solid solution at all relative concentrations of the two species. In this case, the pure phase of each element is of the same crystal structure, and the similar properties of the two elements allow for ...
that is, the set of all possible strings where k+1 spins match up exactly to a given, specific set of values ξ 0, ..., ξ k. Explicit representations for the cylinder sets can be gotten by noting that the string of values corresponds to a q -adic number , however the natural topology of the q-adic numbers is finer than the above product topology.
The Jordan–Wigner transformation is often used to exactly solve 1D spin-chains such as the Ising and XY models by transforming the spin operators to fermionic operators and then diagonalizing in the fermionic basis. This transformation actually shows that the distinction between spin-1/2 particles and fermions is nonexistent.
Metal spinning, also known as spin forming or spinning or metal turning most commonly, is a metalworking process by which a disc or tube of metal is rotated at high speed and formed into an axially symmetric part. [1] Spinning can be performed by hand or by a CNC lathe.
Spin crossover (SCO) is a phenomenon that occurs in some metal complexes wherein the spin state of the complex changes due to an external stimulus. The stimuli can include temperature or pressure. [1] Spin crossover is sometimes referred to as spin transition or spin equilibrium behavior. The change in spin state usually involves interchange of ...
For example, renormalization in QED modifies the mass of the free field electron to match that of a physical electron (with an electromagnetic field), and will in doing so add a term to the free field Lagrangian which must be cancelled by a counterterm in the interaction Lagrangian, that then shows up as a two-line vertex in the Feynman diagrams.
When a manifold carries a spin C structure at all, the set of spin C structures forms an affine space. Moreover, the set of spin C structures has a free transitive action of H 2 (M, Z). Thus, spin C-structures correspond to elements of H 2 (M, Z) although not in a natural way.
Spin network diagram, after Penrose. In physics, a spin network is a type of diagram which can be used to represent states and interactions between particles and fields in quantum mechanics. From a mathematical perspective, the diagrams are a concise way to represent multilinear functions and functions between representations of matrix groups ...