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The European sea sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), also known as the Atlantic sturgeon or common sturgeon, is a species of sturgeon native to Europe. It was formerly abundant, being found in coastal habitats all over Europe. [5] Most specifically, they reach the Black and Baltic Sea. [6] It is anadromous and breeds in rivers.
Globally, sturgeon fisheries are of great value, primarily as a source for caviar, but also for flesh. [42] Several species of sturgeon are harvested for their roe which is processed into caviar—a delicacy, and the reason why caviar-producing sturgeons are among the most valuable and endangered of all wildlife resources. [43]
The European sea sturgeon (Acipenser sturio) The European sea sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), also known as the Atlantic sturgeon or common sturgeon, is now a Critically Endangered species (IUCN) status. [27] This species of sturgeon can reach a length of 6 m (20 ft), weigh up to 400 kg (880 lb) and reach an age of 100 years. [28]
Acipenser is a genus of sturgeons.With 17 living species (others are only known from fossil remains), it is the largest genus in the order Acipenseriformes.The genus is paraphyletic, containing all sturgeons that do not belong to Huso, Scaphirhynchus, or Pseudoscaphirhynchus, with many species more closely related to the other three genera than they are to other species of Acipenser.
Kessler, K. T., 1860: A zoological voyage to the northern coast of the Black Sea and Crimea in 1858. Kyiv : 1–248, Pls. 1–2. Murgoci, A. A., 1940: Étude sur quelques espèces du genre Lepadogaster de la mer Noire.
Atlantic sturgeon are born in freshwater and migrate to the sea. Sturgeon populations began to drop steeply more than 100 years ago amid pollution, dam construction and overfishing. The decline was driven in part by demand in the 1800s for caviar, a delicacy of salt-cured sturgeon eggs.
An Atlantic sturgeon at the Aquarium du Québec. Rather than having true scales, the Atlantic sturgeon has five rows of bony plates known as scutes.Specimens weighing over 800 lb and nearly 15 ft in length have been recorded, but they typically grow to be 6–8 ft (1.8–2.4 m) and no more than 300 lb (140 kg).
The oldest unambiguous members of the order are the Chondrosteidae, a group of large fish found in marine deposits from the Early Jurassic (201–175 million years ago) of Europe, which already have reduced ossification of the skeleton. [11] The Peipiaosteidae are known from Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous freshwater deposits in Asia. [12]