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dplyr is an R package whose set of functions are designed to enable dataframe (a spreadsheet-like data structure) manipulation in an intuitive, user-friendly way. It is one of the core packages of the popular tidyverse set of packages in the R programming language. [1]
R logo. R packages are extensions to the R statistical programming language.R packages contain code, data, and documentation in a standardised collection format that can be installed by users of R, typically via a centralised software repository such as CRAN (the Comprehensive R Archive Network).
ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
> x <-1: 6 # Create a numeric vector in the current environment > y <-x ^ 2 # Create vector based on the values in x. > print (y) # Print the vector’s contents. [1] 1 4 9 16 25 36 > z <-x + y # Create a new vector that is the sum of x and y > z # Return the contents of z to the current environment.
Surface plot : In this visualization of the graph of a bivariate function, a surface is plotted to fit a set of data triplets (X, Y, Z), where Z if obtained by the function to be plotted Z=f(X, Y). Usually, the set of X and Y values are equally spaced. Optionally, the plotted values can be color-coded.
Columns 73 though 80 are ignored and may be used for comments; in the days of punched cards, these columns often contained a sequence number so that the deck of cards could be sorted into the correct order if someone accidentally dropped the cards.
In computer science, a math library (or maths library) is a component of a programming language's standard library containing functions (or subroutines) for the most common mathematical functions, such as trigonometry and exponentiation. Bit-twiddling and control functionalities related to floating point numbers may also be included (such as in C).
Some of knitr's extensions include the R Markdown format [4] (used in reports published on RPubs [5]), caching, TikZ graphics and support to other languages such as Python, Perl, C++, Shell scripts and CoffeeScript, and so on. knitr is officially supported in the RStudio IDE for R, LyX, Emacs/ESS and the Architect IDE for data science.