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Hue is commonly understood as the "color" of the gemstone. Saturation refers to the vividness or brightness of the hue, and tone is the lightness to darkness of the hue. [5]: 333–401 Blue sapphire exists in various mixtures of its primary (blue) and secondary hues, various tonal levels (shades) and at various levels of saturation (vividness).
Other varieties of color-changing garnets exist. In daylight, their color ranges from shades of green, beige, brown, gray, and blue, but in incandescent light, they appear a reddish or purplish/pink color. [25] This is the rarest type of garnet. Because of its color-changing quality, this kind of garnet resembles alexandrite. [26]
Other electronic color display technologies (LCD, Plasma display, OLED) have analogous sets of primaries with different emission spectra. A set of primary colors consists of colorants or colored lights that can be mixed in varying amounts to produce a gamut of colors. This is the essential method used to create the perception of a broad range ...
The word "emerald" is derived (via Old French: esmeraude and Middle English: emeraude), from Vulgar Latin: esmaralda/esmaraldus, a variant of Latin smaragdus, which was via Ancient Greek: σμάραγδος (smáragdos; "green gem"). The Greek word may have a Semitic, Sanskrit or Persian origin.
Sapphire is a saturated shade of blue, referring to the gemstone of the same name. Sapphire gems most commonly occur in a range of blue shades , although they can come in many different colors. Other names for variations of the color sapphire are blue sapphire or sapphire blue , shown below.
Jasper, an aggregate of microgranular quartz and/or cryptocrystalline chalcedony and other mineral phases, [1] [2] is an opaque, [3] impure variety of silica, usually red, yellow, brown or green in color; and rarely blue. The common red color is due to iron(III) inclusions. Jasper breaks with a smooth surface and is used for ornamentation or as ...
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Cassiterite is a tin oxide mineral, SnO 2.It is generally opaque, but it is translucent in thin crystals.Its luster and multiple crystal faces produce a desirable gem. . Cassiterite was the chief tin ore throughout ancient history and remains the most important source of t