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Color charge is a property of quarks and gluons that is related to the particles' strong interactions in the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Like electric charge, it determines how quarks and gluons interact through the strong force; however, rather than there being only positive and negative charges, there are three "charges", commonly called red, green, and blue.
The three kinds of charge in QCD (as opposed to one in quantum electrodynamics or QED) are usually referred to as "color charge" by loose analogy to the three kinds of color (red, green and blue) perceived by humans. Other than this nomenclature, the quantum parameter "color" is completely unrelated to the everyday, familiar phenomenon of color.
According to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), quarks possess a property called color charge. There are three types of color charge, arbitrarily labeled blue, green, and red. [nb 6] Each of them is complemented by an anticolor – antiblue, antigreen, and antired. Every quark carries a color, while every antiquark carries an anticolor. [76]
Each is a scalar field, for some component of spacetime and gluon color charge. The Gell-Mann matrices λ a are eight 3 × 3 matrices which form matrix representations of the SU (3) group . They are also generators of the SU(3) group, in the context of quantum mechanics and field theory; a generator can be viewed as an operator corresponding to ...
The pattern of weak isospin T 3, weak hypercharge Y W, and color charge of all known elementary particles, rotated by the weak mixing angle to show electric charge Q, roughly along the vertical. The neutral Higgs field (gray square) breaks the electroweak symmetry and interacts with other particles to give them mass.
The theory of quantum chromodynamics explains that quarks carry what is called a color charge, although it has no relation to visible color. [6] Quarks with unlike color charge attract one another as a result of the strong interaction, and the particle that mediates this was called the gluon.
Quantum state tomography is a process by which, given a set of data representing the results of quantum measurements, a quantum state consistent with those measurement results is computed. [50] It is named by analogy with tomography , the reconstruction of three-dimensional images from slices taken through them, as in a CT scan .
Various charge quantum numbers have been introduced by theories of particle physics. These include the charges of the Standard Model: The color charge of quarks. The color charge generates the SU(3) color symmetry of quantum chromodynamics. The weak isospin quantum numbers of the electroweak interaction.