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After the cellular uptake, calcium is immediately bound to calbindin, a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein. Calbindin transfers the calcium directly into the epithelial cell's endoplasmic reticulum , through which the calcium is transferred to the basal membrane on the opposite side of the cell, without entering its cytosol or ...
Metabolites produced from vitamin D 2 tend to bind less well to the vitamin D-binding protein. [3] Vitamin D 3 can alternatively be hydroxylated to calcifediol by sterol 27-hydroxylase, an enzyme coded for by gene CYP27A1, but vitamin D 2 cannot. [3] Ergocalciferol can be directly hydroxylated at position 24 by the enzyme coded for by CYP27A1. [3]
"Adequate calcium and vitamin D as part of a healthful diet, along with physical activity, may reduce the risk of osteoporosis in later life." In 2005, the FDA approved a Qualified Health Claim for calcium and hypertension, with suggested wording "Some scientific evidence suggests that calcium supplements may reduce the risk of hypertension.
Some supplements work well together, such as magnesium which helps activate vitamin D. Magnesium and calcium can be also taken together, but some people absorb them better separately.
Calcium-binding proteins can be either intracellular and extracellular. Those that are intracellular can contain or lack a structural EF-hand domain. Extracellular calcium-binding proteins are classified into six groups. [2] Since Ca (2+) is an important second messenger, it can act as an activator or inhibitor in gene transcription.
In the ABCs of vitamins, D is one of the most important. The body needs vitamin D to build healthy bones, absorb calcium and maintain immune function. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and ...
[34] [35] Calcium carbonate as a calcium supplement source has several benefits compared to other forms like calcium citrate, lactate, or gluconate, because of highest content of elemental calcium by weight (40%), providing more calcium per dose compared to other forms. It is the least expensive form of calcium, making it a cost-effective ...
Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid. It is commonly used as a food additive , usually as a preservative, but sometimes for flavor. In this sense, it is similar to sodium citrate. Calcium citrate is also found in some dietary calcium supplements (e.g. Citracal or Caltrate). Calcium makes up 24.1% of calcium citrate (anhydrous) and ...
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