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A CT pulmonary angiogram, in this case showing pulmonary embolism of saddle-type, which becomes more radiolucent than the radiocontrast filled blood surrounding it (but it may be indistinguishable without radiocontrast). Contrast CT, or contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), is X-ray computed tomography (CT) using radiocontrast.
Iodinated contrast contains iodine.It is the main type of radiocontrast used for intravenous administration.Iodine has a particular advantage as a contrast agent for radiography because its innermost electron ("k-shell") binding energy is 33.2 keV, similar to the average energy of x-rays used in diagnostic radiography.
Iodinated contrast may be toxic to the kidneys, especially when given via the arteries prior to studies such as catheter coronary angiography. Nonionic contrast agents, which are almost exclusively used in CT scans, have not been shown to cause CIN when given intravenously at doses needed for CT studies. [27]
It is marketed under the name Ultravist which is produced by Bayer Healthcare. It is a low osmolar, non-ionic contrast agent for intravascular use; i.e., it is injected into blood vessels. [2] It is commonly used in radiographic studies such as intravenous urograms, brain computer tomography (CT) [2] and CT pulmonary angiograms (CTPAs).
A contrast agent (or contrast medium) is a substance used to increase the contrast of structures or fluids within the body in medical imaging. [1] Contrast agents absorb or alter external electromagnetism or ultrasound , which is different from radiopharmaceuticals , which emit radiation themselves.
Diatrizoate, also known as amidotrizoate, Gastrografin, is a contrast agent used during X-ray imaging. [1] This includes visualizing veins, the urinary system, spleen, and joints, as well as computer tomography (CT scan). [1] It is given by mouth, injection into a vein, injection into the bladder, through a nasogastric tube, or rectally. [2] [3]
Ioxaglic acid (trade name Hexabrix) is pharmaceutical drug used as an iodinated contrast medium for X-ray imaging. It has low osmolality (relatively few molecules per volume), typically resulting in fewer side effects than high-osmolality media. [1] It is manufactured by Guerbet, but marketing in the US has been discontinued. [2]
State of the art modern CT scanners with a scan rate of up to 320 mm/s can acquire all the images within a 1-second X-ray exposure, avoiding the problems of respiratory motion, cardiac motion and contrast draining from the pulmonary circulation during the study. Even though the actual scan may be completed in 1 second or less, considerable ...