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Electromechanical protective relays at a hydroelectric generating plant. The relays are in round glass cases. The rectangular devices are test connection blocks, used for testing and isolation of instrument transformer circuits. In electrical engineering, a protective relay is a relay device designed to trip a circuit breaker when a fault is ...
Power system protection is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electrical power systems from faults [citation needed] through the disconnection of faulted parts from the rest of the electrical network. The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components ...
The digital protective relay is a protective relay that uses a microprocessor to analyze power system voltages, currents or other process quantities for the purpose of detection of faults in an electric power system or industrial process system. A digital protective relay may also be called a "numeric protective relay".
Today, microprocessor-based relays can perform many protective functions in one device. [1] When one device performs several protective functions, it is typically denoted "11" by the standard as a "Multifunction Device", but ANSI Device Numbers are still used in documentation like single-line diagrams or schematics to indicate which specific ...
For protection of electrical apparatus and transmission lines, electromechanical relays with accurate operating characteristics were used to detect overload, short-circuits, and other faults. While many such relays remain in use, digital protective relays now provide equivalent and more complex protective functions.
As such, safety relays monitor a specific function. When connected to other safety relays, they guarantee full monitoring of a plant or machine. [1] They meet the requirements of EN 60947-5-1, EN 60204-1 and VDE 0113-1. [5] Furthermore, there are many variants of safety relays, which are suitable for various machinery applications.
IEC 61508 is a basic functional safety standard applicable to all industries. It defines functional safety as: “part of the overall safety relating to the EUC (Equipment Under Control) and the EUC control system which depends on the correct functioning of the E/E/PE safety-related systems, other technology safety-related systems and external ...
In electric power distribution and transmission, a Buchholz relay is a safety device mounted on some oil-filled power transformers and reactors, equipped with an external overhead oil reservoir called a "conservator". The Buchholz relay is used as a protective device sensitive to the effects of dielectric failure inside the equipment. A generic ...
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