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Ethiopia's rivers carry a high silt content, due to heavy erosion which is accelerated by deforestation and inappropriate agricultural practices on steep mountain slopes. The reservoir of one of Ethiopia's oldest large dams, the Awash dam commissioned in 1966, is close to reaching the end of its useful life due to siltation.
The base of the GERD dam is at around 500 m (1,600 ft) above sea level. Water discharge from the dam will be released back into the Blue Nile which flows for only about 30 km (19 mi), before joining the Roseires reservoir, which – at maximum level – will be at 490 m (1,610 ft) above sea level.
The dam is 1,700 m (5,600 ft) long and 40 m (130 ft) tall. Construction on the dam began in 1988 but work was halted in 1994. In 1995 construction restarted with a new construction firm. The power station was commissioned in 2004. [2] Water from the dam is diverted through a 9.2 km (5.7 mi) long tunnel to an underground power station downstream.
The dam's spillway is 108 m (354 ft) long and floodgate-controlled with a maximum discharge capacity of 18,000 m 3 /s (640,000 cu ft/s). Water above 873 m (2,864 ft) above sea level can be discharged through its gates. Feeding the dam's power house are two penstocks that each branch into five separate tunnels for each individual turbine.
The dam was Ethiopia's largest public works project. [2] The dam helped to reduce power shortages as Ethiopia's power demand increases. At the time of its completion, the 188 metres (617 ft) Tekezé Dam was Africa's largest double-curvature arch dam. [3] The resulting reservoir is 105 km 2 large and it has a capacity of 9.3 billion m 3 of water ...
In 1989, with the help of Soviet engineers, the Melka Wakena dam was built on the upper reaches of the Shebelle River in the Bale Mountains. Producing 153 megawatts, this dam is Ethiopia’s largest hydroelectric generator. [12] The recent history of the Shabelle is marked by frequent destructive flash floods.
Once completed, the hydroelectric dam will be the second-largest dam in Ethiopia after the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) generate up to 6,460 Giga watt-hours (GWh) of electricity, while counterbalancing approximately one million tonnes (Mt) of CO 2 annually. [1] [6] It has 201 meters height and 1012 meters length. On 28 September 2023 ...
Tendaho Dam is an earth-filled dam in the eastern Afar Region of Ethiopia. It is situated on the Awash River, and its reservoir also receives the output of the Mille River. The dam is a project of the Ethiopian Water Works Construction Enterprise (EWWCE). Project planning began in 2005, with construction occurring from 2010 to 2014.