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Calcium bromide is the name for compounds with the chemical formula Ca Br 2 (H 2 O) x. Individual compounds include the anhydrous material (x = 0), the hexahydrate (x = 6), and the rare dihydrate (x = 2). All are white powders that dissolve in water, and from these solutions crystallizes the hexahydrate.
Because the S 2− anion has a subscript of 2 in the formula (giving a 4− charge), the compound must be balanced with a 4+ charge on the Pb cation (lead can form cations with a 4+ or a 2+ charge). Thus, the compound is made of one Pb 4+ cation to every two S 2− anions, the compound is balanced, and its name is written as lead(IV) sulfide .
The E and C parameters refer, respectively, to the electrostatic and covalent contributions to the strength of the bonds that the acid and base will form. The equation is -ΔH = E A E B + C A C B + W. The W term represents a constant energy contribution for acid–base reaction such as the cleavage of a dimeric acid or base.
Calcium bromate, Ca(BrO 3) 2, is a calcium salt of bromic acid. It is most commonly encountered as the monohydrate, Ca(BrO 3) 2 •H 2 O. [citation needed] It can be prepared by reacting calcium hydroxide with sodium bromate or calcium sulfate with barium bromate. Above 180 °C, calcium bromate decomposes to form calcium bromide and oxygen.
2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride has been used in experiments on linoleic acid subjected to induced oxidation with different combinations of binary mixtures of natural phenolics. The experiments show that some binary mixtures can lead to a synergetic antioxidant effect while other mixtures lead to an antagonistic effect.
In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. By Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, the acid is the proton (hydrogen ion, H +) donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by proton transfer are esterifications and aldol reactions.
Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. [1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds [2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities.
A Lewis base is also a Brønsted–Lowry base, but a Lewis acid does not need to be a Brønsted–Lowry acid. The classification into hard and soft acids and bases ( HSAB theory ) followed in 1963. The strength of Lewis acid-base interactions, as measured by the standard enthalpy of formation of an adduct can be predicted by the Drago–Wayland ...