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The Defenders of the Homeland (Japanese: 郷土防衛義勇軍, romanized: Kyōdo Bōei Giyūgun; Indonesian: (Tentara Sukarela) Pembela Tanah Air, PETA) was a volunteer army established on 3 October 1943 in the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) by the occupying Japanese.
The PETA revolt in Blitar (Indonesian: Pemberontakan PETA di Blitar) was an anti-occupation revolt in present-day Indonesia, which took place on 14 February 1945 by the PETA daidan (battalion) in Blitar. This revolt was widely known as the first major uprising of local armies in Indonesia during the Japanese occupation. [3]
The auxiliary force was formed by order of the army section of the Imperial General Headquarters on 2 September 1942 and began recruiting members on 22 April 1943. [4] The Japanese Sendenbu (宣伝部, "Publicity Department") propagated that Heiho was an opportunity for young people to serve their homeland and people.
Hizbullah was established as a reserve force for the Defenders of the Homeland (PETA) with members consisting of Muslim youths. Unlike PETA, which was under the command of the Imperial Japanese Army, Hizbullah's command lay with the Masyumi Party. Therefore, Hizbullah was not disbanded like PETA when Japan surrendered to the Allies in
General Raden Oerip Soemohardjo ([urɪp sumɔˈhardʒɔ]; Perfected Spelling: Urip Sumoharjo; 22 February 1893 – 17 November 1948) was an Indonesian general, the first chief of general staff of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, and acting Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.
The Indonesian Army (Indonesian: Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD), lit. ' Indonesian National Military-Land Force ') is the land branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces.
In 1984, reorganization of the armed forces resulted in the academy renamed to its current form, the Military Academy Magelang (Akademi Militer). The Taruna Nusantara high school, established in 1990 by Akmil alumni Try Sutrisno and located just outside the military academy, was created in order to attract young talent to the academy.
The Thirtieth of September Movement (Indonesian: Gerakan 30 September, also known as G30S, and by the syllabic abbreviation Gestapu for Gerakan September Tiga Puluh, Thirtieth of September Movement, also unofficially called Gestok, for Gerakan Satu Oktober, or First of October Movement) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian National Armed Forces members.