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Cardiac fibrosis is common in non-human great apes in human care. The term idiopathic myocardial fibrosis was coined to emphasize this disease is likely different from the above described forms of cardiac fibrosis in humans. The etiology is not known, though vitamin D deficiency is a potential suspected cause at least in chimpanzees. [31]
An infant with dilated, failing heart was no rarity on the pediatric wards of hospitals in the mid-twentieth century. On autopsy, most of these patients' hearts showed the thickened endocardial layer noted above.
Endomyocardial fibrosis causes irreversible restrictive cardiomyopathy in the final stage of fibrosis, and damage to the atrioventricular valves may cause more acute presentations of congestive heart failure. [19] Both the peripheral (polyneuropathy) and central (diffuse encephalopathy) nervous systems may be affected by neurological ...
This leads to a fibrotic thickening of portions of the heart (similar to that of endomyocardial fibrosis) and heart valves. In consequence, the heart becomes rigid and poorly contractile while the heart valves may become stenotic or insufficient, i.e. reduced in ability to open or close, respectively.
Cardiomyopathy is a group of primary diseases of the heart muscle. [1] Early on there may be few or no symptoms. [1] As the disease worsens, shortness of breath, feeling tired, and swelling of the legs may occur, due to the onset of heart failure. [1]
Endomyocardial fibrosis is generally limited to the tropics and sub-saharan Africa. [9] The highest incidence of death caused by cardiac sarcoidosis is found in Japan. [ 21 ]
A myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, often result in the formation of fibrosis. [2] A myocardial infarction is an ischemic event, or a restriction of blood flow to body tissue, such as by atherothrombosis. [4] Without blood flow to the myocardium, it is deprived of oxygen, causing tissue death and irreversible damage. [5]
There are many causes of eosinophilia that may underlie eosinophilic myocarditis. These causes are classified as primary (i.e. a defect intrinsic to the eosinophil cell line), secondary (induced by an underlying disorder that stimulates the proliferation and activation of eosinophils), or idiopathic (i.e. unknown cause).