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Pulmonary laceration is usually accompanied by hemoptysis (coughing up blood or of blood-stained sputum). [12] Thoracoscopy may be used in both diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary laceration. [8] A healing laceration may resemble a lung nodule on radiographs, but unlike pulmonary nodules, lacerations decrease in size over time on radiographs. [4]
Of people who have multiple injuries with an injury severity score of over 15, pulmonary contusion occurs in about 17%. [20] It is difficult to determine the death rate because pulmonary contusion rarely occurs by itself. [17] Usually, deaths of people with pulmonary contusion result from other injuries, commonly traumatic brain injury. [24]
Hamman's syndrome, also known as Macklin's syndrome, is a syndrome of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema [1] (air in the subcutaneous tissues of the skin) and pneumomediastinum (air in the mediastinum, the center of the chest cavity), sometimes associated with pain and, less commonly, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), dysphonia, and a low-grade fever.
Accompanying injuries often play a key role in the outcome. [10] Injuries that may accompany TBI include pulmonary contusion and laceration; and fractures of the sternum, ribs and clavicles. [2] Spinal cord injury, facial trauma, traumatic aortic rupture, injuries to the abdomen, lung, and head are present in 40–100%. [17]
Treatment for this condition is the same as for hemothorax and pneumothorax independently: by tube thoracostomy, the insertion of a chest drain through an incision made between the ribs, into the intercostal space. A chest tube must be inserted to drain blood and air from the pleural space so it can return to a state of negative pressure and ...
Chest injuries account for 25% of all deaths from traumatic injury. [1] Typically chest injuries are caused by blunt mechanisms such as direct, indirect, compression, contusion, deceleration, or blasts [ 2 ] caused by motor vehicle collisions or penetrating mechanisms such as stabbings .
In cases of hemothorax complicating pulmonary embolism treatment, the hemothorax is usually on the side of the original embolism. [6] Those with an abnormal accumulation of air within the pleural space (a pneumothorax) can bleed into the cavity, which occurs in about 5% of cases of spontaneous pneumothorax, [ 8 ] especially when lung bullae ...
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