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Machiavelli extended the study of classical virtue to include skill, valor, and leadership, and to encompass the individual prince or war-leader as well. [8] Virtù, for Machiavelli, was not equivalent to moral virtue, but was instead linked to the raison d'État. Indeed, what was good for the prince may be contradictory to that which is ...
The neo-emergent leadership theory (from the Oxford Strategic Leadership Programme [85]) sees leadership as an impression formed through the communication of information by the leader or by other stakeholders, [86] not through the actions of the leader.
Studies on leadership style are conducted [2] in the military field, expressing an approach that stresses a holistic view of leadership, including how a leader's physical presence determines how others perceive that leader. The factors of physical presence in this context include military bearing, physical fitness, confidence, and resilience.
Rosalind Hursthouse FRSNZ (born 10 November 1943) is a British-born New Zealand moral philosopher noted for her work on virtue ethics.She is one of the leading exponents of contemporary virtue ethics, though she has also written extensively on philosophy of action, history of philosophy, moral psychology, and biomedical ethics.
In reviewing the older leadership theories, Scouller highlighted certain limitations in relation to the development of a leader's skill and effectiveness: [3] Trait theory: As Stogdill (1948) [4] and Buchanan & Huczynski (1997) had previously pointed out, this approach has failed to develop a universally agreed list of leadership qualities and "successful leaders seem to defy classification ...
Alongside Aristotle's ethics, the Stoic tradition forms one of the major founding approaches to virtue ethics. [2] The Stoics are especially known for teaching that "virtue is the only good" for human beings, and that external things, such as health, wealth, and pleasure, are not good or bad in themselves ( adiaphora ) but have value as ...
In Aristotle's work, phronesis is the intellectual virtue that helps turn one's moral instincts into practical action. [4] [10] He writes that moral virtues help any person to achieve the end, and that phronesis is what it takes to discover the means to gain that end. [4]
Richard Taylor argues for the restoration of classical virtues as the basis for morality in Virtue Ethics An Introduction (1991) [25] Roger Crisp and Michael Slote edited a collection of important essays titled Virtue Ethics. [26] Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen employed virtue theory in theorising the capability approach to international ...