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Most of the Pashtun region east of the Durand Line was annexed by the British in the twentieth century, and formed the North-West Frontier. The Pashtun tribal agencies along the Durand Line, further west from the North-West Frontier, formed a buffer zone between Afghanistan and the North-West Frontier of British India. Following the end of the ...
The countries of Kabul, Kandahar and Ghazni formed the frontier region between Khorasan and the Indus. [89] This land, inhabited by the Afghan tribes (i.e. ancestors of Pashtuns), was called Afghanistan, which loosely covered a wide area between the Hindu Kush and the Indus River, principally around the Sulaiman Mountains.
According to some books written on the history of the Pashtuns, it is either unclear or controversial. [7] The Karlani confederacy Ormur Baraki, who became the progenitor of the Karlani. [8]: 33 There are several levels of the Pashtun tribal organization. The "tribe" is subdivided into kinship groups, each of which is a khel and zai.
Between the 1910s and the 1940s, many ethnic Pashtun herders settled in Afghan Turkestan. [1] From the 1930s to the 1970s, after the ethnically Tajik Habibullāh Kalakāni attempted and failed to seize power in Afghanistan during the 1928–1929 civil war, ethnic Uzbeks and ethnic Tajiks lost hundreds of thousands of acres of pasture and cultivated land in northern Afghanistan. [1]
[63] [59] While speakers of Pashto in the country number only 21,677 as of 2011, estimates of the ethnic or ancestral Pashtun population in India range from 3,200,000 [10] [64] [65] to 11,482,000, [66] to as high as double their population in Afghanistan (approximately 30 million).
Pashtunistan (Pashto: پښتونستان, lit. 'land of the Pashtuns') [4] or Pakhtunistan is a historical region on the crossroads of Central and South Asia, located on the Iranian Plateau, inhabited by the Pashtun people of southern and eastern Afghanistan [5] and northwestern Pakistan, [6] [7] wherein Pashtun culture, the Pashto language, and identity have been based.
The Saṛbanī (Pashto: سړبني) or Sarban Confederacy are a tribal group of Pashtuns.They are situated in Pakistan and Afghanistan.The Sarbani include many Pashtun tribes, including Yusufzai, Mandanr, Utmanzai, Sherani, Tareen, Loni, Durrani (Abdali), Khalil, Kheshgi, Kasi which includes Mohmand and Shinwari, Daudzai, Muhammadzai, Chamkani and Tarkalani.
However, other Afghan ethnic groups have also however adopted the Pashtun turban style. [9] Another common headwear of Pashtun men is the Pakol hat, which is a soft rolled up flat wool hat, that is worn on the head and worn like a beret. It comes in a variety of earthly colors and is used to keep the head warm, although this isn't a traditional ...