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Examples of astronomical objects include planetary systems, star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, while asteroids, moons, planets, and stars are astronomical bodies. A comet may be identified as both a body and an object: It is a body when referring to the frozen nucleus of ice and dust, and an object when describing the entire comet with its ...
The ability of information carriers to self-replicate faster than they disintegrate; The presence of free energy needed to constantly create order out of the disorder (i.e., to combat entropy) via self-replication; The authors proceed to argue that inside Sun-like stars objects that satisfy the above conditions can exist.
Today, comets are known to be far too small to have created the Solar System in this way. [8] In 1755, Immanuel Kant speculated that observed nebulae could be regions of star and planet formation. In 1796, Laplace elaborated by arguing that the nebula collapsed into a star, and, as it did so, the remaining material gradually spun outward into a ...
These clouds are gravitationally unstable, and matter coalesces within them to smaller denser clumps, which then rotate, collapse, and form stars. Star formation is a complex process, which always produces a gaseous protoplanetary disk around the young star. This may give birth to planets in certain circumstances, which are not well known.
Projected density from a star formation simulation of hypersonic turbulence with self-gravity included. Bright and black dots represent the position of newly formed stars. [7] Self-gravity must be taken into account by astronomers because the bodies being dealt with are large enough to have gravitational effects on each other and within themselves.
A superhabitable world is a hypothetical type of planet or moon that is better suited than Earth for the emergence and evolution of life. The concept was introduced in a 2014 paper by René Heller and John Armstrong, in which they criticized the language used in the search for habitable exoplanets and proposed clarifications. [ 2 ]
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Gersonides appears to be among the few astronomers before modern times, along Aristarcus, to have surmized that the fixed stars are much further away than the planets. While all other astronomers put the fixed stars on a rotating sphere just beyond the outer planets, Gersonides estimated the distance to the fixed stars to be no less than ...