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Diseases can be avoided with proper maintenance of the feed and feeder. A feeder is the device that supplies the feed to the poultry. [8] For privately raised chickens, or chickens as pets, feed can be delivered through jar, trough or tube feeders. The use of poultry feed can also be supplemented with food found through foraging. [9]
The global average in 2013 is around 2.0 for weight gain (live weight) and 2.8 for slaughtered meat (carcass weight). [ 26 ] For hens used in egg production in the US, as of 2011 [update] the FCR was about 2, with each hen laying about 330 eggs per year. [ 25 ]
An animal unit is the equivalent of 1,000 pounds of "live" animal weight. [1] A thousand animal units equates to 700 dairy cows, 1,000 meat cows, 2,500 pigs weighing more than 55 pounds (25 kg), 10,000 pigs weighing under 55 pounds, 10,000 sheep, 55,000 turkeys, 125,000 chickens, or 82,000 egg laying hens or pullets. [2]
The United States Department of Agriculture sizing is based by weight per dozen. [4] The most common U.S. size of chicken egg is 'Large' and is the egg size commonly referred to for recipes. The following egg masses including shell have been calculated on the basis of the USDA sizing per dozen:
Linear estimation based on body mass or weight. This simple method is sometimes used for cattle. The number of animal units represented by one or more head of cattle may be calculated by dividing their total body mass in kg by 454 (or dividing their weight in pounds by 1000). Thus an 800-pound steer would be considered equivalent to 0.8 animal ...
MyPlate is the latest nutrition guide from the USDA. The USDA's first dietary guidelines were published in 1894 by Wilbur Olin Atwater as a farmers' bulletin. [4] Since then, the USDA has provided a variety of nutrition guides for the public, including the Basic 7 (1943–1956), the Basic Four (1956–1992), the Food Guide Pyramid (1992–2005), and MyPyramid (2005–2013).
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100 Chickens = 0.8–1 GV; 320 egg-laying chickens = 1 GV; A more precise unit is the "fodder-consuming livestock unit" or Raufutter verzehrende Großvieheinheit (RGV), which corrects the value above based on the demands of a given species and direct, near-natural supply of food (fibre-rich roughage) without concentrates.