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World War I mobilization, 1 August 1914. Germany's population had already responded to the outbreak of war in 1914 with a complex mix of emotions, in a similar way to the populations of emotions in the United Kingdom; notions of universal enthusiasm known as the Spirit of 1914 have been challenged by more recent scholarship. [1]
In 1914, the German economist Johann Plenge described the war as a clash between the German "ideas of 1914" (duty, order, justice) and the French "ideas of 1789" (liberty, equality, fraternity). [86] William Mulligen argues that Anglo-German antagonism was also about a clash of two political cultures as well as more traditional geopolitical and ...
German troops being mobilized, 1914. Germany did not want to risk lengthy battles along the Franco-German border and instead adopted the Schlieffen Plan, a military strategy designed to cripple France by invading Belgium and Luxembourg, sweeping down to encircle and crush both Paris and the French forces along the Franco-German border in a ...
The German White Book (1914) online official defense of Germany; see The German White Book. another copy; Geiss, Imanuel, ed. July 1914, The outbreak of the First World War: Selected Documents (1968). Geiss, Imanuel. German foreign policy 1871–1914, documents pp 192–218. Gooch, G.P. Recent revelations of European diplomacy (1928) pp 3–101 ...
Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
A Prussian-dominated successor to the German Confederation following the 1866 Austro-Prussian War: 1871 In 1871 the Prussian-ruled North German Confederation was united with the southern German states (except Austria; the so-called Lesser German Solution) to form the German Empire, the first modern German state. German Empire – 1914
So Germany worked to isolate France and France sought allies against Germany, especially Russia and Britain. [264] Apart perhaps from the German threat, most French citizens ignored foreign affairs and colonial issues. In 1914 the chief pressure group was the Parti colonial, a coalition of 50 organizations with a combined total of 5000 members ...
Due to geographical closeness, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy came together as the Triple Alliance and later became the Central powers due to their central positioning in Europe. [ citation needed ] France and Britain became allies along with Russia in order to defend their borders and support each other in case of war.