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Schematic of cell adhesion. Cell adhesion is the process by which cells interact and attach to neighbouring cells through specialised molecules of the cell surface. This process can occur either through direct contact between cell surfaces such as cell junctions or indirect interaction, where cells attach to surrounding extracellular matrix, a gel-like structure containing molecules released ...
Adherent cell cultures are a type of cell culture that requires cells to be attached to a surface in order for growth to occur. [1] Most vertebrate-derived cells (with the exception of hematopoietic cells) are anchorage dependent and require a two-dimensional monolayer to facilitate cell adhesion, spreading and replication. [2]
Adherent cells require a surface, such as tissue culture plastic or microcarrier, which may be coated with extracellular matrix (such as collagen and laminin) components to increase adhesion properties and provide other signals needed for growth and differentiation. Most cells derived from solid tissues are adherent.
The best-characterized ligand for the three selectins is P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 , which is a mucin-type glycoprotein expressed on all white blood cells. Selectins have been implicated in several roles but they are especially important in the immune system by helping white blood cell homing and trafficking. [20]
Trypsinization is the process of cell dissociation using trypsin, a proteolytic enzyme which breaks down proteins, to dissociate adherent cells from the vessel in which they are being cultured. When added to cell culture, trypsin breaks down the proteins that enable the cells to adhere to the vessel.
In cell culture biology, confluence refers to the percentage of the surface of a culture dish that is covered by adherent cells.For example, 50 percent confluence means roughly half of the surface is covered, while 100 percent confluence means the surface is completely covered by the cells, and no more room is left for the cells to grow as a monolayer. [1]
The connection between the cell and the ECM may help the cell to endure pulling forces without being ripped out of the ECM. The ability of a cell to create this kind of bond is also of vital importance in ontogeny. Cell attachment to the ECM is a basic requirement to build a multicellular organism.
Hebb's theories on the form and function of cell assemblies can be understood from the following: [1]: 70 The general idea is an old one, that any two cells or systems of cells that are repeatedly active at the same time will tend to become 'associated' so that activity in one facilitates activity in the other. Hebb also wrote: [1]: 63