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Thiamine, also known as thiamin and vitamin B 1, is a vitamin – an essential micronutrient for humans and animals. [1] [3] [4] It is found in food and commercially synthesized to be a dietary supplement or medication. [1] Phosphorylated forms of thiamine are required for some metabolic reactions, including the breakdown of glucose and amino ...
Prosultiamine (INN; also known as thiamine propyl disulfide or TPD; brand name Jubedel,) is a disulfide thiamine derivative discovered in garlic in Japan in the 1950s, and is similar to allithiamine. It was developed as a treatment for vitamin B 1 deficiency .
Fursultiamine (INN; chemical name thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide or TTFD; brand names Adventan, Alinamin-F, Benlipoid, Bevitol Lipophil, Judolor, Lipothiamine) is a medication and vitamin used to treat thiamine deficiency. Chemically, it is a disulfide derivative of thiamine and is similar in structure to allithiamine. [1]
Because thiamine deficiency causes problems with memory and other cognitive functions, thiamine and analogs like sulbutiamine have been studied in clinical trials in the 1980s and 1990s for age-associated cognitive decline. [10] Sulbutiamine has been explored in clinical trials as a potential treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). [6]
H 2 O + thiamine <=> 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine + 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole + H + [5] Produced by a wide range of plants and bacteria. In these organisms, it is mainly responsible for salvage of thiamine pyrimidine from degradation products, rather than the breakdown of thiamine. [5] In bacteria, it stays inside their ...
Benfotiamine is a lipid derivative of thiamine, specifically a synthetic S-acyl Vitamin B 1 analogue; its chemical name is S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate. [10] It has very low solubility in water or other aqueous solvents. [7]
Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition.
Allithiamine (thiamine allyl disulfide or TAD) is a lipid-soluble form of vitamin B 1 which was discovered in garlic (Allium sativum) in the 1950s along with its homolog prosultiamine. [1] They were both investigated for their ability to treat Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome and beriberi better than thiamine .