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35 mm equivalent focal lengths are calculated by multiplying the actual focal length of the lens by the crop factor of the sensor. Typical crop factors are 1.26× – 1.29× for Canon (1.35× for Sigma "H") APS-H format, 1.5× for Nikon APS-C ("DX") format (also used by Sony, Pentax, Fuji, Samsung and others), 1.6× for Canon APS-C format, 2× for Micro Four Thirds format, 2.7× for 1-inch ...
An APS-C type lens often does not have the coverage to cast light on the entirety of a 35mm sensor, causing dark corners in the images. [2] One common misconception about lenses is that focal length determines the angle of view for a lens, when in reality it is a combination of focal length, lens coverage, and sensor size. A lens of a certain ...
A drop shutter-like mechanism with an adjustable slit was used at the focal plane of an apparently one-off William England camera in 1861 and this is considered the first FP shutter of any kind. [35] If the lens on a single curtain FP shutter camera has its lens cap off when the shutter is cocked, the film will be double exposed when the blind ...
Large format lenses are photographic optics that provide an image circle large enough to cover the large format film or plates used in large format cameras.. Photographic optics generally project a circular image behind that is only required to have acceptable correction of aberrations over the intended film/sensor diagonal with little room to spare.
The guide number here (full power setting, ISO 100, and normal-angle coverage) is 37 for calculations made in meters (yellow arrow) and 120 for feet (orange). For instance, on the foot scale, f /4 × 30 ft = 120, as do both f /8 × 15 ft and f /16 × 7.5 ft. In meters, f /1.4 × 26 m = 37 as do f /22 × 1.7 m and every combination between.
Cross-section of a typical retrofocus wide-angle lens. Extreme or ultra-wide-angle lens - a wide-angle lens with an angle of view above 90 degrees. [4] Extreme-wide-angle lenses share the same issues as ordinary wide-angle lenses but the focal length of such lenses may be so short that there is insufficient physical space in front of the film ...
A tight shutter angle will constrict motion blur. A wide shutter angle will allow it. A 180° shutter angle is considered normal. So for instance, at 24 fps the frame interval value is 0.04167 second ( = 1 ⁄ 24). Using an exposure time of 1 ⁄ 50 second gives a shutter angle value of 173°, very close to 180° (normal motion blur effect).
Slower shutter speeds (exposing the medium for a longer period of time), greater lens apertures (admitting more light), and higher-luminance scenes produce greater exposures. An approximately correct exposure will be obtained on a sunny day using ISO 100 film, an aperture of f /16 and a shutter speed of 1/100