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The Muslim population in Europe is extremely diverse with varied histories and origins. [4] [5] [6] Today, the Muslim-majority regions of Europe include several countries in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and the European part of Turkey), some Russian republics in the North Caucasus and the Idel-Ural region, and the European part of Kazakhstan.
A Roman Catholic church, Eastern Orthodox church, and Muslim mosque are located in the same square in Bosanska Krupa, Bosnia and Herzegovina.. European Islam, or Euro-Islam, is a hypothesized new branch of Islam [1] that historically originated and developed among the European peoples of the Balkans [2] (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, [3] and Turkey) [4] and parts of countries in ...
Learned Muslim captives played a very important role in the spread of Arabic science and philosophy over the Christian world. [22] The liberation of Muslim slaves was a state affair and elevated the popular esteem of the sovereign government. Muslim slaves were either freed or exchanged through special legislation and international treaties. [23]
A survey conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2016 found that Muslims make up 4.9% of all of Europe's population. [79] According to a same study conversion does not add significantly to the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. [79]
Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran, believing in Allah (lit. ' The God '), [9] and the teachings of Muhammad, [10] the religion's founder. . Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Chr
Sultan Ahmed Mosque in Istanbul.. The urban landscape of Istanbul is shaped by many communities. The most populous major religion is Islam.The first mosque in Istanbul was built in Kadıköy (ancient Chalcedon) on the Asian side of the city, which was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1353, a full century before the conquest of Constantinople across the Bosphorus, on the European side.
In present-day Romania, most adherents to Islam belong to the Tatar and Turkish ethnic communities and follow the Sunni doctrine. The Islamic religion is one of the 18 rites awarded state recognition. According to tradition, Islam was first established locally around Sufi leader Sari Saltik during the Byzantine epoch. The Islamic presence in ...
The religio-political ideology of Islamism (also often called political Islam or Islamic fundamentalism) [1] which has "arguably altered the Middle East more than any trend since the modern states gained independence", redefining "politics and even borders" (according to at least one observer (author Robin Wright), [2] is active in many countries around the world.