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The Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 (Pub. L. 93-222 codified as 42 U.S.C. §300e) is a United States statute enacted on December 29, 1973. The Health Maintenance Organization Act, informally known as the federal HMO Act, is a federal law that provides for a trial federal program to promote and encourage the development of health maintenance organizations (HMOs).
Paul Murdock Ellwood Jr. (July 16, 1926 – June 20, 2022) was an American physician and a controversial figure in American health care.Often referred to as the "father of the health maintenance organization", [1] [2] he not only coined the term, he also played a role in bringing about structural changes to the American health care system to simultaneously control cost and promote health by ...
In the United States, a health maintenance organization (HMO) is a medical insurance group that provides health services for a fixed annual fee. [1] It is an organization that provides or arranges managed care for health insurance , self-funded health care benefit plans, individuals, and other entities, acting as a liaison with health care ...
The programs may be provided in a variety of settings, such as Health Maintenance Organizations and Preferred Provider Organizations. [1] The growth of managed care in the U.S. was spurred by the enactment of the Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973. While managed care techniques were pioneered by health maintenance organizations, they ...
Utilization management is "a set of techniques used by or on behalf of purchasers of health care benefits to manage health care costs by influencing patient care decision-making through case-by-case assessments of the appropriateness of care prior to its provision," as defined by the Institute of Medicine [1] Committee on Utilization Management by Third Parties (1989; IOM is now the National ...
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The generic model used in the United States is the chronic care model, which holds that health care does not only involve change in the patient and that high-quality disease care counts the community, the health system, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support, and clinical information systems as important elements in ...
NIOSH's main laboratories in Downtown Cincinnati in 1974. During the period 1966–1973, the organization would pass through 7 operating agencies (Bureau of State Services, Bureau of Disease Prevention and Environmental Control, CPEHS, Environmental Health Service, OASH, HSMHA, CDC), and bear 4 names (Division of Occupational Health, Occupational Health Program, Bureau of Occupational Safety ...