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At Brook Farm, as in other communities, physical labor was perceived as a condition of mental well-being and health. Brook Farm was one of at least 80 communal experiments active in the United States in the 1840s, though it was the first to be secular. [10] Ripley believed his experiment would be a model for the rest of society.
Ripley himself became a celebrity proponent of Fourierism and organized conventions throughout New England to discuss the community. [49] By May 1846, troubled by the financial difficulties at Brook Farm, Ripley had made an informal split from the community. [50] By its closure a year later, Brook Farm had amassed a total debt of $17,445. [51]
The Brook Farm was based on a ranch in the countryside of present-day West Roxbury, Boston. [8] Along with her sister-in-law Marianne Ripley, she oversaw Brook Farm's primary school using a progressive child-centered pedagogy that has been compared to the later reforms of John Dewey . [ 9 ]
In Massachusetts, Brook Farm was founded by Sophia Ripley and her husband George Ripley in 1841 as an attempt to find a way in which men and women could work together, with women receiving the same compensation as men. The experiment failed.
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After Brook Farm's dissolution, the publication was eventually moved to New York City under the editorial control of George Ripley and Charles Anderson Dana where it continued weekly until October 1847. [2]
The farm was named for a shady brook that ran behind the property. The family moved to its current current location at the juncture of Lower Makefield, Newtown and Middletown townships in the 1960s.
The Blithedale Romance is a novel by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne published in 1852. It is the third major "romance", as he called the form.Its setting is a utopian socialist farming commune based on Brook Farm, of which Hawthorne was a founding member and where he lived in 1841.