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In organic chemistry, isothiocyanate is a functional group as found in compounds with the formula R−N=C=S. Isothiocyanates are the more common isomers of thiocyanates , which have the formula R−S−C≡N .
Phenyl thiocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate are isomers. Organic thiocyanates are organic compounds containing the functional group RSCN. the organic group is attached to sulfur: R−S−C≡N has a S–C single bond and a C≡N triple bond. [1] Organic thiocyanates are valued building blocks.
Allyl thiocyanate isomerizes to the isothiocyanate: [8] CH 2 =CHCH 2 SCN → CH 2 =CHCH 2 NCS. Allyl isothiocyanate can also be liberated by dry distillation of the seeds. The product obtained in this fashion is known as volatile oil of mustard. It is used principally as a flavoring agent in foods.
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is a derivative of fluorescein used in wide-ranging applications [1] [2] including flow cytometry. First described in 1942, [ 3 ] FITC is the original fluorescein molecule functionalized with an isothiocyanate reactive group (−N=C=S), replacing a hydrogen atom on the bottom ring of the structure.
Methyl isothiocyanate is the organosulfur compound with the formula CH 3 N=C=S. This low melting colorless solid is a powerful lachrymator . As a precursor to a variety of valuable bioactive compounds, it is the most important organic isothiocyanate in industry.
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Thiocyanate [6] is known to be an important part in the biosynthesis of hypothiocyanite by a lactoperoxidase. [7] [8] [9] Thus the complete absence of thiocyanate or reduced thiocyanate [10] in the human body, (e.g., cystic fibrosis) is damaging to the human host defense system.
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