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Learn about the roles of the many people and institutions that constitute Canada’s government, such as Her Majesty the Queen, the Prime Minister, the Governor General, the Cabinet, ministers, and departments and agencies.
Structure of government. The Monarch, the Prime Minister, the Governor General, the Cabinet, ministers, departments, agencies and public service.
The following list outlines the structure of the federal government of Canada, the collective set of federal institutions which can be grouped into the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. In turn, these are further divided into departments, agencies, and other organizations which support the day-to-day function of the Canadian state.
The federal government's organization and structure was established at Confederation, through the Constitution Act, 1867, wherein the Canadian Crown acts as the core, or "the most basic building block", [3] of its Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. [4]
Canada’s system of government has three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. Each one has separate powers and responsibilities that are defined in the Constitution: the legislative branch passes laws, the executive implements them, and the judicial interprets them.
Canada’s political system is based on that of the United Kingdom. It is a constitutional monarchy, which means that we recognize the Queen or King as the Head of State, while the Prime Minister is the Head of Government.
Learn about the government’s structure, priorities, policies and relations with international, provincial and Aboriginal governments. Get information on how government finances are managed and overseen. Find out how to work with the government and view surplus materiel for sale.
Canadian government is run using a British-style parliamentary system. The Parliament of Canada is separated into two chambers: an elected House of Commons and an appointed Senate. The political party that elects the most members to the House of Commons forms the government of Canada.
Parliament is composed of the Governor General, the Senate and the House of Commons. Discover the work of Canada’s parliamentarians, as well as the people who support them in important political and non-political roles. Parliament is only one part of Canada’s system of government.
The most important federal government institutions are the central agencies (often informally called The Centre). These are the Cabinet, the Privy Council Office, the Treasury Board Secretariat, and the Department of Finance. The Privy Council Office is the prime minister’s government department.