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The Parthenon had 46 outer columns and 23 inner columns in total, each column having 20 flutes. (A flute is the concave shaft carved into the column form.) The roof was covered with large overlapping marble tiles known as imbrices and tegulae. [65] [66] The Parthenon is regarded as the finest example of Greek architecture.
The Pantheon (UK: / ˈpænθiən /, US: /- ɒn /; [ 1 ] Latin: Pantheum, [ nb 1 ] from Greek ΠάνθειονPantheion, " [temple] of all the gods") is a former Roman temple and, since AD 609, a Catholic church (Basilica Santa Maria ad Martyres or Basilica of St. Mary and the Martyrs) in Rome, Italy. It was built on the site of an earlier ...
Doric order. The Doric order of the Parthenon. Triglyphs marked "a", metopes "b", guttae "c" and mutules under the soffit "d". The Doric order is one of the three orders of ancient Greek and later Roman architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian. The Doric is most easily recognized by the simple circular ...
c. 900 BC–1st century AD. Ancient Greek architecture came from the Greeks, or Hellenes, whose culture flourished on the Greek mainland, the Peloponnese, the Aegean Islands, and in colonies in Anatolia and Italy for a period from about 900 BC until the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC. [1]
Erechtheion. The Erechtheion[2] (/ ɪˈrɛkθiən /, latinized as Erechtheum / ɪˈrɛkθiəm, ˌɛrɪkˈθiːəm /; Ancient Greek: Ἐρέχθειον, Greek: Ερέχθειο) or Temple of Athena Polias[3] is an ancient Greek Ionic temple on the north side of the Acropolis, Athens, which was primarily dedicated to the goddess Athena.
A new study has found that the Parthenon sculptures, previously thought to be white, were once painted with elaborate designs and patterns on their garments, using colors such as “Egyptian blue.”
The most famous Greek cult images were of this type, including the Statue of Zeus at Olympia, and Phidias's Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon in Athens, both colossal statues now completely lost. Fragments of two chryselephantine statues from Delphi have been excavated. Bronze cult images were less frequent, at least until Hellenistic times. [34]
The statue of Athena Parthenos[N 1] (Ancient Greek: Παρθένος Ἀθηνᾶ, lit. 'Athena the Virgin') was a monumental chryselephantine sculpture of the goddess Athena. Attributed to Phidias and dated to the mid-fifth century BCE, it was an offering from the city of Athens to Athena, its tutelary deity. The naos of the Parthenon on the ...