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  2. Tawhid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawhid

    Tawhid[ a ] (Arabic: تَوْحِيد‎, romanized:tawḥīd, lit. 'oneness [of God]') is the concept of monotheism in Islam. [ 2 ]Tawhid is the religion's central and single most important concept, upon which a Muslim's entire religious adherence rests. It unequivocally holds that God is indivisibly one (ahad) and single (wahid). [ 3 ][ 4 ]

  3. Islamic view of the Trinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_view_of_the_Trinity

    Islamic view of the Trinity. A drawing of the phrase "There is no god except God." In Christianity, the doctrine of the Trinity states that God is a single essence in which three distinct hypostases ("persons"): the Father, the Son, the Holy Spirit, exist consubstantially and co-eternally as a perichoresis. Islam considers the concept of any ...

  4. Islam and modernity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_modernity

    Having studied Islamic Law, he argued that "it was necessary to adapt the Sharia to new circumstances" and that there was not much difference between "the principles of Islamic law and those principles of 'natural law' on which the codes of modern Europe were based". [8] Like Tahtawi, Khayr al-Din was also sent to Paris where he spent four years.

  5. Religious responses to the problem of evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_responses_to_the...

    Islamic scholars in the medieval and modern era have tried to reconcile the problem of evil with the afterlife theodicy. [ 90 ] [ 91 ] [ 92 ] According to Nursi , the temporal world has many evils such as the destruction of Ottoman Empire and its substitution with secularism, and such evils are impossible to understand unless there is an ...

  6. Wahhabism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahhabism

    Implementation of Sharia (Islamic law) is the objective; Those who opposed the reform efforts were enemies of God. Members of the movement, like the early Muslims during the era of the Salaf, were trained in piety and military skills. These movements waged their reformist efforts through preaching and Jihad. [71]

  7. Abrahamic religions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_religions

    Usage. [edit] The term Abrahamic religions (and its variations) is a collective religious descriptor for elements shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. [ 9 ] It features prominently in interfaith dialogue and political discourse, but also has entered Academic discourse. [ 10 ][ 11 ] However, the term has also been criticized to be ...

  8. Shirk (Islam) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirk_(Islam)

    The word shirk comes from the Arabic root sh - r - k (ش ر ك), with the general meaning of 'to share'. [ 10 ] In the context of the Quran, the particular sense of 'sharing as an equal partner' is usually understood, so that polytheism means 'attributing a partner to God'. In the Quran, shirk and the related word mushrikūn (مشركون ...

  9. Criticism of the Quran - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran

    t. e. The Quran is viewed to be the scriptural foundation of Islam and is believed by Muslims to have been sent down by God (Arabic: الله, romanized:Allah) and revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jabreel (Gabriel). The Quran has been subject to criticism both in the sense of being the subject of an interdisciplinary field of study where ...