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The rising chromatic pattern continues until every key has been represented, finishing with a B minor fugue. The first set was compiled in 1722 during Bach's appointment in Köthen , and the second followed 20 years later in 1742 while he was in Leipzig .
The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
Partridge indicates that the use of the instrument by jongleurs led to its association with the verb: Recorder the minstrel's action, a recorder the minstrel's tool. [ 5 ] [ 14 ] The reason is uncertain why this flute instrument—rather than some other instrument played by the jongleurs )—is known as the recorder.
Melodies can be based on a diatonic scale and maintain its tonal characteristics but contain many accidentals, up to all twelve tones of the chromatic scale, such as the opening of Henry Purcell's "Thy Hand, Belinda" from Dido and Aeneas (1689) with figured bass), which features eleven of twelve pitches while chromatically descending by half steps, [1] the missing pitch being sung later.
Chromatic harmonicas tend to be significantly more expensive than their diatonic counterparts—with a typical chromatic harmonica selling at a price that is up to ten times higher than a simple diatonic harmonica. Chromatic harmonicas produced by reputable companies (such as Hohner, Seydel, [7] and Suzuki [8]) range between 70 and 700 US dollars.
In 1993, the famous wind musician Mr. Guo Yazhi invented the "live core" device for suona, which allowed traditional suona to play a chromatic scale and twelve tone system, enriching the expressive power of suona. [6] Ranges of the orchestral "suona": Piccolo suona in G, F and Eb (海笛; hǎidí) Sopranino suona in D, C and Bb (高音; gāoyīn)
Chromatic fourth: lament bass bassline in Dm (D–C ♯ –C(♮)–B–B ♭ –A) The diatonic scale notes (above) and the non-scale chromatic notes (below) [1]. Chromaticism is a compositional technique interspersing the primary diatonic pitches and chords with other pitches of the chromatic scale.
The Munsell color system, showing: a circle of hues at value 5 chroma 6; the neutral values from 0 to 10; and the chromas of purple-blue (5PB) at value 5.