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A bone scan or bone scintigraphy / s ɪ n ˈ t ɪ ɡ r ə f i / is a nuclear medicine imaging technique used to help diagnose and assess different bone diseases. These include cancer of the bone or metastasis, location of bone inflammation and fractures (that may not be visible in traditional X-ray images), and bone infection (osteomyelitis). [1]
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that women over the age of 65 should get a DXA scan. [3] The age when men should be tested is uncertain, [3] but some sources recommend age 70. [4] At risk women should consider getting a scan when their risk is equal to that of a normal 65-year-old woman.
For a bone scan, the patient is injected with a small amount of radioactive material, such as 700–1,100 MBq (19–30 mCi) of 99m Tc-medronic acid and then scanned with a gamma camera. Medronic acid is a phosphate derivative which can exchange places with bone phosphate in regions of active bone growth, so anchoring the radioisotope to that ...
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SPECT scans are significantly less expensive than PET scans, in part because they are able to use longer-lived and more easily obtained radioisotopes than PET. Because SPECT acquisition is very similar to planar gamma camera imaging, the same radiopharmaceuticals may be used. If a patient is examined in another type of nuclear medicine scan ...
Radon gas is a radioactive chemical element that is the largest source of background radiation, about 2mSv per year. [17] This is similar to a head CT (see table). Other sources include cosmic radiation, dissolved uranium and thorium in water, and internal radiation (humans have radioactive potassium-40 and carbon-14 inside their bodies from ...
A skeletal survey (also called a bone survey [1]) is a series of X-rays of all the bones in the body, or at least the axial skeleton and the large cortical bones. A very common use is the diagnosis of multiple myeloma , where tumour deposits appear as "punched-out" lesions.
A bone seeker is an element, often a radioisotope, that tends to accumulate in the bones of humans and other animals when introduced into the body. For example, strontium and radium are chemically similar to calcium and can replace the calcium in bones.