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The Peace of Westphalia ... Mowat, R. B. History of European Diplomacy, 1451–1789 (1928) pp 104–14 online Archived 20 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine;
Derek Croxton, "The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 and the Origins of Sovereignty," The International History Review vol. 21 (1999) A. Claire Cutler, "Critical Reflections on the Westphalian Assumptions of International Law and Organization," Review of International Studies vol. 27 (2001) M. Fowler and J. Bunck, Law, Power, and the Sovereign State ...
Location of the Kingdom of Westphalia within the Confederation of the Rhine in 1808. The Kingdom of Westphalia was created by Napoleon in 1807 by merging territories ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia in the Peace of Tilsit, among them the region of the Duchy of Magdeburg west of the Elbe river, the Brunswick-Lüneburg territories of Hanover and Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, and the Electorate of Hesse.
After the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Europe's borders were largely stable. 1708 map by Herman Moll.. International relations from 1648 to 1814 covers the major interactions of the nations of Europe, as well as the other continents, with emphasis on diplomacy, warfare, migration, and cultural interactions, from the Peace of Westphalia to the Congress of Vienna.
The Oxford History of Poland-Lithuania, Volume I: The Making of the Polish-Lithuanian Union, 1385–1569 (2015) by Robert I. Frost [17] The Russian Empire 1450–1801 (2017) by Nancy Shields Kollmann [ 18 ]
The Peace of Westphalia and the guarantor power were renewed in the subsequent treaties of Nijmegen (1679), Ryswick (1697), Rastatt (1714) and, to Russia's benefit, Teschen (1779). [2] Russian interest in a role in the Empire began with Tsar Peter the Great as early as 1710.
Parts of Westphalia came under Brandenburg-Prussian control during the 17th and 18th centuries, but most of it remained divided by duchies and other areas of feudal power. The Peace of Westphalia of 1648, signed in Münster and Osnabrück, ended the Thirty Years' War.
AE/I/1/11 The ratification of the Treaty of Münster, part of the Peace of Westphalia that ended the Thirty Years' War The Treaty of Münster of 24 October 1648 [ 1 ] was a treaty signed in Münster between, on the one hand, the Kingdom of France with regent cardinal Jules Mazarin for the underage king Louis XIV of France , plus his allies, and ...