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Theory X also postulates that people must be compelled through force, intimidation, or authority, and controlled, directed, or threatened with punishment in order to get them to accomplish the organizational needs. [9] In the minds of authoritarian leaders, people who are left to work autonomously will ultimately be unproductive.
A. S. Neill. Summerhill: A Radical Approach to Child Rearing was written by A. S. Neill and published by Hart Publishing Company in 1960. [1] In a letter to Neill, New York publisher Harold Hart suggested a book specific for America devised of parts from four of Neill's previous works: The Problem Child, The Problem Parent, The Free Child, and That Dreadful School. [4]
With authoritarian and permissive parenting on opposite sides of the spectrum, most conventional modern models of parenting fall somewhere in between. [21] Although it is influential, Baumrind's typology has received significant criticism for containing overly broad categorizations and an imprecise and overly idealized description of ...
The authoritarian personality is a personality type characterized by a disposition to treat authority figures with unquestioning obedience and respect.Conceptually, the term authoritarian personality originated from the writings of Erich Fromm, and usually is applied to people who exhibit a strict and oppressive personality towards their subordinates. [1]
Theory Y conversely suggests that it is human nature to be motivated by objectives and gain satisfaction through the completion of work. [2] Those who believe in Theory Y believe that it is the responsibility of management to foster environments where employees can develop potential and utilize their skills to achieve objectives. [ 3 ]
An instructional theory is "a theory that offers explicit guidance on how to better help people learn and develop." [ 1 ] It provides insights about what is likely to happen and why with respect to different kinds of teaching and learning activities while helping indicate approaches for their evaluation. [ 2 ]
The Authoritarian Personality has often provoked polarized responses: "The Berkeley study of authoritarian personality does not leave many people indifferent". [ 24 ] The study "has been subjected to considerable criticism" [ 25 ] since the 1950s, particularly for various methodological flaws, including sample bias and poor psychometric techniques.
The right-wing authoritarian was defined by Bob Altemeyer as a refinement of the research of Theodor Adorno. Adorno was the first to propose the existence of an authoritarian personality as part of an attempt to explain the rise of fascism and the Holocaust, but his theory fell into disfavor because it was associated with Freudian ...