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Family history of glaucoma: FMH: Family medical history FOH: Family ocular history F/U: Follow up appointment GH: General health G(M)P: General (medical) practitioner HA: Headaches HARC: Harmonious abnormal retinal correspondence HM: Hand motion vision – state distance Hx: History IOL: Intra-ocular lens IOP: Intra-ocular pressure ISNT ...
The normal cup-to-disc ratio is less than 0.5. A large cup-to-disc ratio may imply glaucoma or other pathology. [3] However, cupping by itself is not indicative of glaucoma. Rather, it is an increase in cupping as the patient ages that is an indicator for glaucoma. Deep but stable cupping can occur due to hereditary factors without glaucoma.
Conversely, optic nerve damage may occur with normal pressure, known as normal-tension glaucoma. [27] In case of above-normal intraocular pressure, the mechanism of open-angle glaucoma is believed to be the impeded exit of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork, while in closed-angle glaucoma, the iris blocks the trabecular meshwork. [ 2 ]
The diurnal variation for normal eyes is between 3 and 6 mmHg and the variation may increase in glaucomatous eyes. During the night, intraocular pressure may not decrease [17] despite the slower production of aqueous humour. [18] Glaucoma patients' 24-hour IOP profiles may differ from those of healthy individuals. [19]
Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is an eye disease, a neuropathy of the optic nerve, that shows all the characteristics of primary open angle glaucoma except one: the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) - the classic hallmark of glaucoma - is missing. Normal tension glaucoma is in many cases closely associated with general issues of blood ...
[3] [20] The result of either 'Outside Normal Limits' (significant difference in superior and inferior fields), 'Borderline' (suspicious differences) or 'Within Normal Limits' (no differences) is only considered when the patient has, or is a suspect for, glaucoma. [20] This is only available in 30-2 and 24-2 analyser protocol. [3]
Optic neuropathy is damage to the optic nerve from any cause. The optic nerve is a bundle of millions of fibers in the retina that sends visual signals to the brain. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteri
For most individuals, the normal range of intraocular pressure is between 10 mmHg and 21 mmHg. [3] It is estimated that approximately 2-3% of people aged 52-89 years old have ocular hypertension of 25 mmHg and higher, and 3.5% of people 49 years and older have ocular hypertension of 21 mmHg and higher.