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A popular use for biscuit porcelain was the manufacture of bisque dolls in the 19th century, where the porcelain was typically tinted or painted in flesh tones. In the doll world, "bisque" is usually the term used, rather than "biscuit". [4] Parian ware is a 19th-century type of biscuit. Lithophanes were normally made with biscuit.
Books and price guides have been published about Hummel figurines. [15] Some of these works supported the secondary market interest of collector speculators; The Official M.I. Hummel Price Guide: Figurines and Plates, 2nd Edition, by Heidi Ann Von Recklinghausen is a current price guide, published in 2013.
The porous nature of (fired) biscuit earthenware means that it readily absorbs water, while vitreous wares such as porcelain, bone china and most stoneware are non-porous even without glazing. [6] The temperature of biscuit firing is today usually at least 1000°C, although higher temperatures are common. [ 7 ]
A bisque doll or porcelain doll is a doll made partially or wholly out of bisque or biscuit porcelain. Bisque dolls are characterized by their realistic, skin-like matte finish. They had their peak of popularity between 1860 and 1900 with French and German dolls. Bisque dolls are collectible, and antique dolls can be worth thousands of dollars.
Parian ware was utilised mainly for busts and figurines, and occasionally for dishes and small vases, [5] such as might be carved from marble. In 1845, as part of a concerted effort to raise public taste and improve manufactures, the Art Union of London commissioned Copeland to make a series of figures after works by leading contemporary sculptors.
Ceramics in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (14 P) ... Individual pieces of porcelain (21 P) T. Individual patterns of tableware (13 P) V. Individual vases (4 C, 37 P)
The manufacturing of hard-paste porcelain in Limoges was established in 1771 following the discovery of local supplies of kaolin and a material similar to petuntse in the economically distressed area at Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche, near Limoges. In parallel, soft-paste porcelain continued to be manufactured however, as it was less expensive to ...
Vincennes soft porcelain cup, 1750–1752 Vincennes soft-porcelain vase, 1753 Vincennes plant pot, c. 1753 The unexpected deaths in 1750 and 1751 of both brothers Fulvy created a financial impasse [ 6 ] that was resolved when the King stepped in and made of Vincennes the object of royal patronage, though less than a manufacture royale ; it ...