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While some cell lines are cultured in suspension, the majority of commercially available mammalian cell lines are adherent. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Suspension cell cultures must be agitated to maintain cells in suspension, and may require specialized equipment (e.g. magnetic stir plate, orbital shakers, incubators) and flasks (e.g. culture flasks, spinner ...
Cell samples can be taken from tissue explants or cell suspension cultures. Adherent cell cultures with an excess of nutrient-containing growth medium will continue to grow until they cover the available surface area. [3] Proteases like trypsin are most commonly used to break the adhesion from the cells to the flask. Alternatively, cell ...
Many methods are used to identify cell lines, including isoenzyme analysis, human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) typing, chromosomal analysis, karyotyping, morphology and STR analysis. [35] One significant cell-line cross contaminant is the immortal HeLa cell line. HeLa contamination was first noted in the early 1960s in non-human culture in the USA.
For adherent cells, cell density is normally measured in terms of confluency, the percentage of the growth surface covered by cells. The cells will often have a known range of confluencies for optimal growth, for example a mammalian cell line like HeLa generally prefers confluencies between 10% and 100%, and subculture will normally try to keep ...
Schematic of cell adhesion. Cell adhesion is the process by which cells interact and attach to neighbouring cells through specialised molecules of the cell surface. This process can occur either through direct contact between cell surfaces such as cell junctions or indirect interaction, where cells attach to surrounding extracellular matrix, a gel-like structure containing molecules released ...
Tissue culture flasks. RPMI 1640, simply known as RPMI medium, is a cell culture medium commonly used to culture mammalian cells. [1] RPMI 1640 was developed by George E. Moore, Robert E. Gerner, and H. Addison Franklin in 1966 at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (formerly known as Roswell Park Memorial Institute), from where it derives its name. [2]
Trypsinization is the process of cell dissociation using trypsin, a proteolytic enzyme which breaks down proteins, to dissociate adherent cells from the vessel in which they are being cultured. When added to cell culture, trypsin breaks down the proteins that enable the cells to adhere to the vessel.
For example, they block the metastatic cancer cells' ability to extravasate and home to secondary sites. This has been successfully demonstrated in metastatic melanoma that hones to the lungs. In mice, when antibodies directed against CAMs in the lung endothelium were used as treatment there was a significant reduction in the number of ...