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The oldest known multiplication tables were used by the Babylonians about 4000 years ago. [2] However, they used a base of 60. [2] The oldest known tables using a base of 10 are the Chinese decimal multiplication table on bamboo strips dating to about 305 BC, during China's Warring States period. [2] "Table of Pythagoras" on Napier's bones [3]
The Irish logarithm was a system of number manipulation invented by Percy Ludgate for machine multiplication. ... 10×10 multiplication lookup table. ... , 54, 5, 10 ...
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Because of the relative difficulty of remembering 60 × 60 different products, Babylonian mathematicians employed multiplication tables. These tables consisted of a list of the first twenty multiples of a certain principal number n: n, 2n, ..., 20n; followed by the multiples of 10n: 30n 40n, and 50n.
It requires memorization of the multiplication table for single digits. This is the usual algorithm for multiplying larger numbers by hand in base 10. A person doing long multiplication on paper will write down all the products and then add them together; an abacus-user will sum the products as soon as each one is computed.
Multiplication table problem. For each positive integer , let () be the number of distinct integers in an multiplication table. In 1960, [5] Erdős ...
Integer multiplication respects the congruence classes, ... This table shows the cyclic decomposition ... C 10: 10: 10: 7 54 C 18: 18: 18: 5 86 C 42: 42: 42: 3 118 C ...
In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplication, or an expression that identifies objects (numbers or variables) to be multiplied, called factors.For example, 21 is the product of 3 and 7 (the result of multiplication), and (+) is the product of and (+) (indicating that the two factors should be multiplied together).