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A Sengstaken–Blakemore tube is a medical device inserted through the nose or mouth and used occasionally in the management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to esophageal varices (distended and fragile veins in the esophageal wall, usually a result of cirrhosis).
Sengstaken–Blakemore tube, with three lumens (two balloons and a gastric aspiration port). Pressure can be applied to gastric and esophageal varices by balloon inflation and traction. [1] Linton tube, with a large gastric balloon, and gastric and esophageal aspirates
In cases of refractory bleeding, balloon tamponade with a Sengstaken–Blakemore tube may be necessary, or the use of a fully-covered esophageal self-expandable metallic stent, usually as a bridge to further endoscopy or treatment of the underlying cause of bleeding (i.e.: portal hypertension).
English: Sengstaken-Blakemore tube with four lumens. This W3C-invalid vector image was created with Inkscape. Date: 26 March 2010, 20:12 (UTC) (created and uploaded ...
The Blakemore esophageal balloon used for stopping esophageal bleeds if other measures have failed. The benefits versus risks of placing a nasogastric tube in those with upper GI bleeding are not determined. [4] Endoscopic evaluation within 24 hours is recommended, [4] in addition to medical management. [35]
Here are links to possibly useful sources of information about Sengstaken–Blakemore tube. PubMed provides review articles from the past five years (limit to free review articles) The TRIP database provides clinical publications about evidence-based medicine. Other potential sources include: Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and CDC
Jejunoileal bypass (JIB) was a surgical weight-loss procedure performed for the relief of morbid obesity from the 1950s through the 1970s in which all but 30 cm (12 in) to 45 cm (18 in) of the small bowel were detached and set to the side.
In gastroenterology, esophageal pH monitoring is the current gold standard for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It provides direct physiologic measurement of acid in the esophagus and is the most objective method to document reflux disease, assess the severity of the disease and monitor the response of the disease to medical or surgical treatment.