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Level of measurement or scale of measure is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. [1] Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales, of measurement: nominal , ordinal , interval , and ratio .
The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology. This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
The definition of measurement in the social sciences has a long history. A current widespread definition, proposed by Stanley Smith Stevens, is that measurement is "the assignment of numerals to objects or events according to some rule." This definition was introduced in a 1946 Science article in which Stevens proposed four levels of ...
A rating scale is a set of categories designed to obtain information about a quantitative or a qualitative attribute. In the social sciences , particularly psychology , common examples are the Likert response scale and 0-10 rating scales, where a person selects the number that reflecting the perceived quality of a product .
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) Unlike most other psychological symptom scales listed in this section, clinicians use this scale to help evaluate the mental health of people, usually under treatment, who have been diagnosed with a depressive disorder; it is not used with the general population samples. [59] [60]
The Guttman scale is related to Rasch measurement; specifically, Rasch models bring the Guttman approach within a probabilistic framework. Constant sum scale – a respondent is given a constant sum of money, script, credits, or points and asked to allocate these to various items (example : If one had 100 Yen to spend on food products, how much ...
It is when a Likert scale is symmetric and equidistant that it will behave more like an interval-level measurement. So while a Likert scale is indeed ordinal, if well presented it may nevertheless approximate an interval-level measurement. This can be beneficial since, if it was treated just as an ordinal scale, then some valuable information ...
All data are inexact and statistical in nature. Thus the definition of measurement is: "A set of observations that reduce uncertainty where the result is expressed as a quantity." [17] This definition is implied in what scientists actually do when they measure something and report both the mean and statistics of the measurements. In practical ...