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The frequency for ankylosis to happen in deciduous teeth is far more frequent than that in permanent teeth, with a ratio of about 10 to 1, and the majority of [4] the ankylosed teeth occur in lower teeth, about twice as often as in the upper teeth. [6] Therefore, it is strongly believed that their incidence may be due to different causes.
The ligament directly associated with the TMJ is the temporomandibular ligament, also termed the lateral ligament, which really is a thickening of the lateral aspect of the fibrous capsule. [36] The stylomandibular ligament and the sphenomandibular ligament are not directly associated with the joint capsule. Together, these ligaments act to ...
Movement of teeth is determined by two factors: deposition of bone on the tension side and resorption of the bone on the compression side of the periodontal ligament (PDL). During this movement, bone remodelling is initiated by the PDL in which forces are transmitted from the tooth to the alveolar bone.
The periodontal ligament is composed mostly of collagen fibres, however it also houses blood vessels and nerves within loose connective tissue. [6] Mechanical loads that are placed on the teeth during mastication and other external forces are absorbed by the periodontal ligament, which therefore protects the teeth within their sockets.
A palatal expander is a device in the field of orthodontics which is used to widen the upper jaw [1] so that the bottom and upper teeth will fit together better. [2] [3] This is a common orthodontic procedure. The use of an expander is most common in children and adolescents 8–18 years of age.
Common causes include inflammation of the pulp, (usually in response to tooth decay, dental trauma, or other factors), dentin hypersensitivity, apical periodontitis (inflammation of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone around the root apex), dental abscesses (localized collections of pus), alveolar osteitis ("dry socket", a possible ...
Non-eruption of non-ankylosed teeth occurs due to an eruption mechanism that has failed leading to a posterior unilateral/bilateral open bite. [28] Infra occlusion is the primary hallmark of PFE. Primary teeth are most commonly affected and normally all teeth distal to the most mesially affected tooth will show characteristics of this disease.
When at least 3 teeth are affected, it is referred to as multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption. The causes of external cervical root resorption are poorly understood but trauma, periodontal treatment, and/or tooth whitening may be predisposing factors. [16]