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Fibrocystic breast changes is a condition of the breasts where there may be pain, breast cysts, and breast masses. [1] The breasts may be described as "lumpy" or "doughy". [ 3 ] Symptoms may worsen during certain parts of the menstrual cycle due to hormonal stimulation. [ 1 ]
Breast cysts may remain stable for many years or may resolve spontaneously. [8] Most simple cysts are benign and do not require any treatment or further diagnostic workup. Some complex cysts may require further diagnostic measures such as fine needle aspiration or biopsy to exclude breast cancer however the overwhelming majority is of benign ...
The microscopic histopathological findings in PB tumor tissues stained with H&E include the excessive proliferation of irregularly shaped, variably sized, ductal epithelial cells, ductal myoepithelial cells, [3] [4] and lipid-laden, foamy intra-cystic histiocytes [5] within the breast's apocrine glands, abnormally widened gland ducts, abundant ...
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
A breast mass, also known as a breast lump, is a localized swelling that feels different from the surrounding tissue. [1] Breast pain, nipple discharge, or skin changes may be present. [1] Concerning findings include masses that are hard, do not move easily, are of an irregular shape, or are firmly attached to surrounding tissue. [2]
Mammary duct ectasia can mimic breast cancer. It is a disorder of peri- or post-menopausal age. [3] Duct ectasia syndrome is a synonym for nonpuerperal mastitis, but the term has also been occasionally used to describe special cases of fibrocystic diseases or mastalgia or as a wastebasket definition of benign breast disease.
In particular, breast ultrasound may be useful for younger women who have denser fibrous breast tissue that may make mammograms more challenging to interpret. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Automated whole-breast ultrasound (AWBU) is a technique that produces volumetric images of the breast and is largely independent of operator skill.
Of all breast tissue samples taken, fibroadenomas comprise about 50%, and this rate rises to 75% for tissue sample in women under the age of 20 years. [29] Fibroadenomas are more frequent among women in higher socioeconomic classes and darker-skinned people. [ 29 ]