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Pancasila economics (Indonesian: Ekonomi Pancasila), also known as "Indonesian populist economics" (Indonesian: Ekonomi kerakyatan Indonesia), is an economic system which aims to reflect the five principles of Pancasila. [1] The term "Pancasila economy" first appeared in an article by Emil Salim in 1967. [2]
He first studied economics as a student in the Economics Faculty (Fakultas Ekonomi) at Gadjah Mada University and he was appointed as a promising junior lecturer on graduation in 1959. Mubyarto pursued his graduate work in the United States, first earning a Master of Arts degree from Vanderbilt University in 1962. [ 4 ]
The ideal of Pancasila has not effectively translated into a functioning liberal democracy in Indonesia. Instead, Pancasila has become a symbol of Indonesian exceptionalism, embodying the nation's values and identity. Pancasila is open to abuse, which in this case was the invitation to criminalise all kinds of ideologies but Pancasila itself.
A service provider (SP) is an organization that provides services, such as consulting, legal, real estate, communications, storage, and processing services, to other organizations.
Although the idea of high politics has been present in all cultures and epochs, Thomas Hobbes was the first to enunciate that survival (of trade, the laws, societal order) hinges upon a finite number of ingredients; these ingredients were embodied and provided by the state.
An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides myriad services related to accessing, using, managing, or participating in the Internet. ISPs can be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned , non-profit , or otherwise privately owned .
In economics, supplier induced demand (SID) may occur when asymmetry of information exists between supplier and consumer.The supplier can use superior information to encourage an individual to demand a greater quantity of the good or service they supply than the Pareto efficient level, should asymmetric information not exist.
PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) (lit. ' State Electricity Company ', abbreviated as PLN) is an Indonesian government-owned corporation which has a monopoly on electric power distribution in Indonesia and generates the majority of the country's electrical power, producing 176.4 TWh in 2015.