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In neuroanatomy, the ventricular system is a set of four interconnected cavities known as cerebral ventricles in the brain. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Within each ventricle is a region of choroid plexus which produces the circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also known as a ventriculostomy or extraventricular drain, is a device used in neurosurgery to treat hydrocephalus and relieve elevated intracranial pressure when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the brain is obstructed.
Basic arthropod body structure – heart shown in red. Arthropods and most mollusks have an open circulatory system. In this system, deoxygenated blood collects around the heart in cavities . This blood slowly permeates the heart through many small one-way channels. The heart then pumps the blood into the hemocoel, a cavity between the organs ...
Fourth ventricle location shown in red (E), pons (B); the floor of the ventricle is to the right, the roof to the left. The fourth ventricle has a roof at its upper (posterior) surface and a floor at its lower (anterior) surface, and side walls formed by the cerebellar peduncles (nerve bundles joining the structure on the posterior side of the ventricle to the structures on the anterior side).
Cardiac physiology or heart function is the study of healthy, unimpaired function of the heart: involving blood flow; myocardium structure; the electrical conduction system of the heart; the cardiac cycle and cardiac output and how these interact and depend on one another.
The heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum.It consists of four chambers, four valves, two main arteries (the coronary arteries), and the conduction system. The left and right sides of the heart have different functions: the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, and the left ...
It also receives blood from the left marginal vein and the left posterior ventricular vein. [citation needed] Great cardiac vein (run upwards in the anterior interventricular sulcus to the left atrioventricular groove to form the coronary sinus; [6] Middle cardiac vein (ascends posterior interventricular sulcus to drain into coronary sinus); [6]
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates.. CSF is produced by specialized ependymal cells in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations.