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Diet, specifically the Western Pattern Diet, plays an important role in the genesis of obesity. Personal choices, food advertising , social customs and cultural influences, as well as food availability and pricing all play a role in determining what and how much an individual eats.
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A desire to lose weight is a common motivation to change dietary habits, as is a desire to maintain an existing weight. Many weight loss diets are considered by some to entail varying degrees of health risk, and some are not widely considered to be effective.
A low-fat diet is one that restricts fat, and often saturated fat and cholesterol as well. Low-fat diets are intended to reduce the occurrence of conditions such as heart disease and obesity. For weight loss, they perform similarly to a low-carbohydrate diet , since macronutrient composition does not determine weight loss success. [ 1 ]
The Weight Watchers diet tries to restrict energy to achieve a weight loss of 0.5 to 1.0 kg per week, [1] [3] which is the medically accepted standard rate of a viable weight loss strategy. [4] The dietary composition is akin to low-fat diets [1] or moderate-fat and low-carbohydrate diet [5] depending on the variant used.
In a study that recorded 461 interactions with doctors, only 13 percent of patients got any specific plan for diet or exercise and only 5 percent got help arranging a follow-up visit. “It can be stressful when [patients] start asking a lot of specific questions” about diet and weight loss, one doctor told researchers in 2012.
Obesity is a major cause of disability and is correlated with various diseases and conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. [2] [12] [13] Obesity has individual, socioeconomic, and environmental causes.
It covers ICD codes 240 to 279. The full chapter can be found on pages 145 to 165 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1. Both volumes can be downloaded for free from the website of the World Health Organization.