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DNA polymerase III synthesizes base pairs at a rate of around 1000 nucleotides per second. [3] DNA Pol III activity begins after strand separation at the origin of replication. Because DNA synthesis cannot start de novo, an RNA primer, complementary to part of the single-stranded DNA, is synthesized by primase (an RNA polymerase): [citation ...
Three more DNA polymerases have been found in E. coli, including DNA polymerase III (discovered in the 1970s) and DNA polymerases IV and V (discovered in 1999). [9] From 1983 on, DNA polymerases have been used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and from 1988 thermostable DNA polymerases were used instead, as they do not need to be added in ...
After the assembly of dnaG onto the N-terminus of dnaB, dnaC is released and dnaB will be allowed to begin unwinding dsDNA to make room for DNA polymerase III to begin synthesizing the daughter strands. [1] This interaction of dnaC with dnaB requires the hydrolysis of ATP. [2]
However, these mutagenic effects are inhibited when the phage's DNA synthesis is catalyzed by the tsCB120 antimutator polymerase, or another antimutator polymerase, tsCB87. [9] These findings indicate that the level of induction of mutations by DNA damage can be strongly influenced by the gene 43 DNA polymerase proofreading function.
In molecular biology, the δ (delta) subunit of DNA polymerase III is encoded by the holA gene in E. coli and other bacteria. Along with the γ, δ', χ, and ψ subunits that make up the core polymerase, and the β accessory proteins, the δ subunit is responsible for the high speed and processivity of polIII. [1] [2]
DnaE, the gene product of dnaE, is the catalytic α subunit of DNA polymerase III, acting as a DNA polymerase. This enzyme is only found in prokaryotes. [1] References
Similarly, in Salmonella typhimurium bacteria, the 3’ to 5’ editing function employed during DNA replication is also encoded by a gene, dnaQ, which specifies a 3’ to 5’ exonuclease subunit, one of the three separately encoded core proteins of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. [11]
This leads to an issue due to the fact that DNA polymerase is only able to add to the 3' end of the DNA strand. The 3'-5' action of DNA polymerase along the parent strand leaves a short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) region at the 3' end of the parent strand when the Okazaki fragments have been repaired.