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The six-part fugue in the "Ricercar a 6" from The Musical Offering, in the hand of Johann Sebastian BachIn classical music, a fugue (/ f juː ɡ /, from Latin fuga, meaning "flight" or "escape" [1]) is a contrapuntal, polyphonic compositional technique in two or more voices, built on a subject (a musical theme) that is introduced at the beginning in imitation (repetition at different pitches ...
In music theory, an inversion is a rearrangement of the top-to-bottom elements in an interval, a chord, a melody, or a group of contrapuntal lines of music. [2] In each of these cases, "inversion" has a distinct but related meaning. The concept of inversion also plays an important role in musical set theory.
For example, the C-major fugue from J. S. Bach’s The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 1 (BWV 846) opens with an initial succession of statements of the subject, each at a distance of six beats: Bach Fugue in C WTC1 opening bars Bach Fugue in C BWV 846 opening bars. As the musical argument proceeds, the gap between the entries closes to two beats:
BWV 577 – Fugue in G major "à la Gigue" (spurious) BWV 578 – Fugue in G minor "Little" BWV 579 – Fugue on a theme by Arcangelo Corelli (from Op. 3, No. 4); in B Minor; BWV 580 – Fugue in D major (spurious) BWV 581 – Fugue in G major (not by Bach, composed by Gottfried August Homilius) BWV 581a – Fugue in G major (spurious)
The second part, on Musica Pratica, is the section of this treatise where the author presents his instruction on counterpoint, fugue, double counterpoint, a brief essay on musical taste, and his ideas on composing sacred music, writing in the a cappella and in the recitativo style. This part is in the form of a dialog, between a master ...
Bach's autograph of the 4th Fugue of Book 1 Bach's autograph of Fugue No. 17 in A ♭ major from the second part of Das Wohltemperirte Clavier. Each set contains 24 pairs of prelude and fugue. The first pair is in C major, the second in C minor, the third in C ♯ major, the fourth in C ♯ minor, and so on.
Fugue is within the scope of the Music genres task force of the Music project, a user driven attempt to clean up and standardize music genre articles on Wikipedia. Please visit the task force guidelines page for ideas on how to structure a genre article and help us assess and improve genre articles to good article status .
Music based on a single theme is called monothematic, while music based on several themes is called polythematic. Most fugues are monothematic and most pieces in sonata form are polythematic. [8] In the exposition of a fugue, the principal theme (usually called the subject) is announced successively in each voice – sometimes in a transposed form.